n *t  i* 


S X *T  W 


OUTLINE  SHADING 


MECHANICAL  DRAWING  CONVENTIONS 

COPYRIGHT  /90Q  BY  L.  L.  Simpson. 

SHADING 

\ 


Two  centers. 
Same  rochus. 

Right  and  bottom  edges  are  made 
shade  lines  m all  projections. 
Dotted  lines  and  lines  separating 
two  visible  surtaces  shou/d  not 
be  shaded.  Light  falls  at  45? 


SURFACE  SHADING 


CONE 


SPHERE 


SLOPING 


V/. 


A 


HOLLOW  CYLINDER 


CURVED  AND  PLAT 


mi  10 

A«v«an  M 


• ITT 


‘Sa-  5wx 


MECHAN/CAL  DRAWING  CONVENTIONS 

co  F=>y-pt  r at-tr  /s>os  i-.t- 

LINES  AND  THE/R  USES 
STANDARD 


Used  to  represent  the  outline  and  all  visible  edges  of  an  object. 

Also  to  represent  g/ven  and  required  lines. 

DOTTED 

Width  d standard.  Dash  and  space  each  /£'. 

Used  to  represent  invisible  edges.  A/so  for  constructions. 

PROJECTION 

Width  £ standard.  Dash  §"  5pace  /&'.  Used  to  represent 
projections  between  views,  and  for  extensions  to  dimensions  lines. 

CENTER 

Width  £ standard.  Dashes  d "and /e".  Dpace Used  to  represent  centers, 
axes  of  projection  and  to  show  where  sections  have  been  taken. 

" 1 1 SNA  DE 


Width  2 ti  mes  standard.  Used  m shading  for  r/ght  and  bottom  edges. 


■ I ■!■  ■■■■!■—  BORDER 

Width  3 times  standard  Used  for  border  of  plates. 

li DIMENSION 

Width  £ standard.  Dash  from  £"up.  3pace df  Used  tor  dimensions. 


sioumi  40  insMWnn 
111!  ^0 
mm 


rj 


MECHANICAL  DRAWING  CONVENTIONS 

COPYRIGHT  1900  BY  LL.. Simpson 

GOTHIC  ALPHABET 

ABCDEFGHUKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 
abcdefgh/ jk/mnopqrsfuvwxyz  1234567890 

ABCDEFGH I JKLMN0PQR5TUVWXYZ 


a bcdef  g h 1 j k I m n o pqrst  u v wxyz  1 234567890 

Stx  strokes  make  all  the  letters. 

//  Used  m let fers  BDE.FH  IKLMNPRT  bdhk/pf  01  on  nr  /45\ 


'/\  „ 
<C>  • 
drag- 
's - 


ABDEFHLPRZeftz  2457 
AKMNQRVWXYZ  kvwxyz  7 
BCDGORQR  abcdegopq356890 

fgj^y 

S s 


Compare 


Do  not  shade. 


In  words,  the  area  of  the  space  between  letters  is  always  the  same. 
In  sentences  the  space  between  words  is  the  size  of  one  letter. 


SlOWni!  JO  JITCUSAIM 
m jo 

nmm  jhj 


MECHANICAL  DRAWING  CONVENTIONS 

?oe  by  > 

' s 5HOI 
~SZZD  t 


COF>YF}/<S*-tT  /SOS  BY  U.  U.  3 impaon 

METHOD  OR  SHOWING  BREAKS 


WZfa  C 


YZZt  C 


yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy/yyyym 


To  better  1/  lust  rate  or  to  save  space  on  the  drawing  a portion 
of  the  object  is  sometimes  broken  away.  If  possible  the  break 
should  show  the  shape  of  the  object  and  be  crossha tched  to 
show  the  kind  of  material  of  which  if  is  made. 


io»mi  J*1  uPMHsn 
im  jo 
jwmon  j*u 


MECHANICAL  DRAWING  CONVENTIONS 

COf=>>'f=tlGM7‘  / 90&  By  L.L.&tmpMor*. 


CROSSHATCHING 


BRASS 


LEATHER 


L/OU/O 

In  a section  or  a drawing  showing  an  imaginary  cut  surface  that 
surface  is  cross  hatched  to  show  the  kind  of  material.  The  width  of 
the  lines  and  the  distance  between  them  varies  with  the  s/ze  of 
the  surface.  Objects  touching  are  crosshatched  m opposite  directions. 


siotiiTH  jo  umm ' 
Ml  JO 

kmm  mi 


SU  S\ v 

S' 

'Vv©  v b 


MECHANICAL  DRAWING  CONVENTIONS 

<Z.Of=>miGHT  / 90  6 B r 

DIMENSIONS 


i,n  ___ 
r?1  8 

I", 


—Running  fit-*- j -«^-j 

in  N; 


^4v^~g  ^r/// 


Drive  fit 


w fp^\  Arrow  heads  thus 

r^j/g-l  / Tap  Not i\  — >-j  — H 

#---4;-  Figures  m dimensions  should  always  be  the  same 
size  regard fess  of  the  scale  of  fhe  drawing . 
Single  figures  £ h/gh.  Fractions  ^ h/gh.  Numerator  and 
denominator  each  Figures  thus  7" not  r. 

Notes  and  dimensions  must  a/ways  read  from  fhe  bottom  or 
the  right  side  of  the  plate  w/th  respect  to  the  title  of  fhe  p/afe 

\r -eft- 3"- 


siwimi  w xotasm 

3Hi  XO 

kmm  xhi 


